Thermodynamics II

What you'll learn

• Calculate the exergy of closed systems, flowing streams and heat, apply exergy balances to find exergy destruction, and evaluate second-law efficiencies of plant components.
• Analyze Otto, Diesel and dual cycles with cold-air-standard and temperature-dependent properties, and relate compression ratio, mean effective pressure and turbocharging to engine performance.
• Analyze simple and actual Brayton cycles, explain the effects of pressure ratio and inlet temperature, and evaluate regeneration, intercooling and reheat.
• Analyze ideal and actual turbojet cycles, calculate thrust and propulsive efficiencies, and explain the advantages of turbofans, turboprops and aeroderivative turbines.
• Analyze ideal and actual Rankine cycles, and determine the effects of condenser pressure, superheat and boiler pressure on efficiency and turbine exit quality.
• Analyze reheat and regenerative Rankine cycles with open and closed feedwater heaters, and explain the benefits of supercritical steam conditions.
• Design and evaluate cogeneration and combined-cycle plants using HRSG pinch analysis, utilization factor, primary energy saving and combined-cycle efficiency.
• Analyze ideal and actual vapour-compression refrigeration and heat pump cycles, cascade systems and the effect of temperature lift, and select refrigerants under current GWP rules.
• Analyze gas refrigeration cycles and absorption chillers, determine the limiting COP of heat-driven cooling, and judge when absorption saves fuel.
• Determine the properties of ideal-gas mixtures using mass and mole fractions, Dalton's and Amagat's laws, the Wobbe index and the entropy of mixing, including the minimum work of separation.
• Calculate moist-air properties and analyze heating, humidification, cooling with dehumidification, mixing, evaporative cooling and cooling towers.
• Apply mass and energy balances to combustion, calculate air-fuel ratios, heating values, adiabatic flame temperatures and stack losses, and compare energy options on fuel and emissions.